1- Chii chinonzi Investment Casting?
Investment casting, iyo inozivikanwa zvakare yakarasika wakisi kukanda kanaprecision casting, inoreva kuumbwa kweceramic kutenderedza mapatani ewakisi kuti igadzire yakawanda kana chikamu chimwe chete chekugashira simbi yakanyungudutswa. Maitirwo aya anoshandisa jekiseni rinoshanda rakaumbwa newakisi pateni kuita kuti riwane mafomu akaomarara ane hunhu hunoshamisa. Kugadzira mold, wakisi pateni, kana sumbu remapateni, inonyikwa mumidziyo yeceramic kakawanda kugadzira goko gobvu. De-wax process inoteverwa negoko rakaomarara. Iyo yakisi-isina Ceramic shell inobva yagadzirwa. Simbi yakanyungudutswa inobva yadirwa muceramic shell cavities kana cluster, uye kana yakasimba uye yatonhodzwa, ganda receramic rinodamburwa kuti riratidze chinhu chekupedzisira chakakandwa simbi.Precision investment castingsinogona kuwana kurongeka kwakasiyana kune ese madiki uye makuru ekukanda zvikamu muhuwandu hwakawanda hwezvinhu.
2- Ndezvipi Zvakanakira Investment Casting?
✔ Yakanakisa uye yakatsetseka pamusoro pekupedzisira
✔ Tight dimensional tolerances.
✔ Yakaoma uye yakaoma maumbirwo ane dhizaini inoshanduka
✔ Kugona kukanda madziro matete saka chinhu chakareruka chekukanda chikamu
✔ Kusarudzwa kwakakura kwesimbi dzakakandwa uye alloys (ferrous uye isiri-ferrous)
✔ Draft haidiwe mukugadzira molds.
✔ Deredza kudiwa kwemachina echipiri.
✔ Kurasa zvinhu zvakaderera.
3- Ndeapi Matanho Ekudyara Kukandira Maitiro?
Munguva yekudyara kwekudyara maitiro, wax pateni inoputirwa neceramic material, iyo, kana yakaomeswa, inotora iyo yemukati geometry yekukanda yaunoda. Kazhinji, zvikamu zvakawanda zvinokandwa pamwechete kuti zvinyatsoshanda nekuisa mapatani ewakisi ega pachimuti chepakati chinonzi sprue. Wakisi inonyungudutswa kubva patani - ndokusaka ichizivikanwawo senzira yakarasika wakisi - uye simbi yakanyungudutswa inodirwa mugomba. Kana simbi yasimba, mold yeceramic inozununguswa, ichisiya chimiro chiri padyo chekukandwa kwaunoda, kuchiteverwa nekupedzisa, kuyedza uye kurongedza.
4- Ndeipi iyo Investment Castings Inoshandiswa?
Investment castings inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukatipombi nemavharuvhu, mota, marori,hydraulics, marori eforogo nezvimwe zvakawandamaindasitiri. Nekuda kwekukandira kwavo kushivirira uye kupera kwakanaka, wakisi yakarasika inoshandiswa zvakanyanya uye zvakanyanya. Kunyanya, iyoStainless simbi Investment castingsvanoita basa rakakosha mukuvaka ngarava nezvikepe nekuti zvine simba rekurwisa ngura.
5- Ndekupi Kushivirira Kukandira Kwako Kunogona Kusvika Nekudyara Kukandira?
Zvinoenderana neakasiyana binder zvinhu zvinoshandiswa kugadzira goko, iyo yekukanda mari inogona kupatsanurwa kuita silica sol casting uye yekukanda girazi remvura. Iyo silica sol investimendi yekukandira maitiro ine zvirinani Dimensional Casting Tolerances (DCT) uye Geometrical Casting Tolerances (GCT) pane girazi remvura maitiro. Nekudaro, kunyangwe nenzira imwechete yekukanda, iyo Tolerance Giredhi ichave yakasiyana kubva kune yega yega alloy nekuda kwekukandira kwavo kwakasiyana.
YeduInvestment casting foundryndinoda kutaura newe kana iwe uine chikumbiro chakakosha pane zvinodiwa kushivirira. Pano mune zvinotevera giredhi rekushivirira giredhi isu tinogona kusvika kune zvese ne silica sol casting uye yemvura girazi yekukanda maitiro zvakasiyana:
✔ DCT Giredhi naSilica Sol Yakarasika Wax Kukanda: DCTG4 ~ DCTG6
✔ DCT Giredhi neMvura Girazi Yakarasika Wax Kukanda: DCTG5 ~ DCTG9
✔ GCT Giredhi naSilica Sol Yakarasika Wax Kukanda: GCTG3 ~ GCTG5
✔ GCT Giredhi neMvura Girazi Yakarasika Wax Kukanda: GCTG3 ~ GCTG5
6- Ndeapi Iwo Saizi Miganho ye Investment Cast Zvikamu?
Investment castings inogona kugadzirwa mune ese alloys kubva pachidimbu cheaunzi, yemazino braces, kune anopfuura chiuru lbs. (453.6 makirogiramu) yezvikamu zvakaoma zveinjini yendege. Zvidiki zvidiki zvinogona kukandwa pamazana pamuti, nepo zvinorema zvinokandwa kazhinji zvinogadzirwa nemuti wega. Huremu muganho wekudyara kukanda zvinoenderana ne mold inobata midziyo pakukanda chirongwat. Izvo zvivakwa zvinokandira zvikamu kusvika ku20 lbs. (9.07 kg). Nekudaro, zvivakwa zvakawanda zvepamba zviri kuwedzera kugona kwavo kudurura zvikamu zvakakura, uye zvikamu mu20-120-lb. (9.07-54.43-kg) huwandu huri kuwedzera. Chiyero chinowanzo shandiswa mukugadzira mari yekudyara ndeye 3: 1-yega yega 1-lb. (0.45-kg) yekukanda, panofanira kuva ne3 lbs. (1.36 kg) kumuti, zvichienderana negoho rinodiwa uye ukuru hwechikamu. Muti nguva dzose unofanirwa kuva wakakura kudarika chikamu, uye chiyero chinovimbisa kuti panguva yekukanda uye kusimba maitiro, gasi uye shrink zvichaguma mumuti, kwete kukanda.
7- Rudzii rweSurface Finishes Inogadzirwa ne Investment Casting?
Nekuda kwekuti ganda receramic rakaunganidzwa rakatenderedza mapatani akatsetseka anogadzirwa nekubaya wakisi mufa yealuminium yakakwenenzverwa, kupera kwekupedzisira kwekukanda kwakanaka. Iyo 125 rms micro finish ndeye yakajairwa uye kunyangwe yakatsetseka kupedzisa (63 kana 32 rms) inogoneka ne post-cast sekondari yekupedzisa mashandiro. Nzvimbo dzekukandira simbi dzega dzega dzine zvimiro zvadzo zvemaronda epamusoro, uye vashandi venzvimbo uye mainjiniya edhizaini / vatengi vanozokurukura nezve kugona uku kusati kwaburitswa. Mimwe mwero inotsamira pakupera kwechikamu-kushandiswa uye ekupedzisira zvizorwa maficha.
8- Ko Investment Castings Inodhura?
Nekuda kwemitengo uye kushanda nema molds, mari yekudyara kazhinji ine mutengo wakakwira kupfuura zvikamu zvekunyepedzera kanakukanda jechauye zvachose mold kukanda nzira. Nekudaro, ivo vanogadzira iyo yakakwira mutengo kuburikidza nekuderedzwa kweMachininginowanikwa kuburikidza ne-as-cast pedyo-net-shape tolerances. Mumwe muenzaniso weizvi hunyanzvi mumotokari rocker maoko, ayo anogona kukandwa pasina kana machining anodiwa. Vazhinjizvikamu zvesimbiizvo zvinoda kugaya, kutenderedza, kuchera uye kukuya kuti upedze zvinogona kuve investimendi yakakandwa ine chete 0.020-0.030 yekupedzisa stock. Kupfuurirazve, kukanda kwekudyara kunoda kushoma dhizaini angles kuti ubvise mapatani kubva kune tooling; uye hapana dhizaini inodiwa kuti ubvise simbi castings kubva mukudyara goko. Izvi zvinogona kubvumira castings ine 90-degree angles kugadzirwa pasina mamwe machining kuwana iwo makona.
9- Ndezvipi Zvishandiso uye Pateni Equipment Inodiwa Pakurasika Wax Kukanda?
Kugadzira mapatani ewakisi, simbi yakatsemuka inofa (ine chimiro chekukanda kwekupedzisira) inoda kugadzirwa. Zvichienderana nekuoma kwekukanda, misanganiswa yakasiyana-siyana yesimbi, ceramic kana soluble cores inogona kushandiswa kubvumira kugadzirisa kwaunoda. Mazhinji maturusi ekudyara mari inodhura pakati pe500- $ 10,000. Rapid prototypes (RP), senge stereo lithography (SLA) modhi, zvakare inogona kushandiswa. Iwo maRP modhi anogona kugadzirwa mumaawa uye kutora iwo chaiwo chimiro chechikamu. Izvo zvikamu zveRP zvino zvinogona kuunganidzwa pamwe chete uye zvakaputirwa muceramic slurry uye kupiswa kunze zvichibvumira gomba regomba kuwana prototype yekukandira chikamu. Kana iyo yekukanda yakakura kupfuura iyo envelopu yekuvaka, akawanda RP sub-chikamu zvikamu zvinogona kugadzirwa, zvinounganidzwa muchikamu chimwe, uye kukandwa kuti uwane yekupedzisira prototype chikamu. Kushandisa RP zvikamu hazvina kunaka pakugadzirwa kwepamusoro, asi zvinogona kubatsira timu yekugadzira kuongorora chikamu chekurongeka uye fomu, kukwana uye kushanda isati yaendesa chishandiso. Zvikamu zveRP zvinobvumirawo mugadziri kuti aedze neakawanda mativi masisitimu kana mamwe maalloys pasina kuburitsa kukuru kwemutengo wekushandisa.
10- Pane Porosity uye/kana Shrinkage Defects ne Investment Castings?
Izvi zvinoenderana nekuti simbi yekukanda simbi inoita sei kuti gasi ibude kubva musimbi yakanyungudutswa uye kuti zvikamu zvinosimba zvakadii. Sezvambotaurwa, muti wakanyatsovakwa uchabvumira porosity kuti ivharwe mumuti, kwete kukanda, uye high-heat ceramic shell inobvumira kutonhora zviri nani. Zvakare, vacuum-investment cast zvikamu zvinobvisa simbi yakanyungudutswa yehurema hwegasi sezvo mweya unobviswa. Investment castings inoshandiswa kune akawanda akakosha maapplication ayo anoda x-ray uye anofanirwa kusangana neyakajeka maitiro ekunzwika. Kutendeseka kwekukanda kwekudyara kunogona kuve kwakakwirira kudarika zvikamu zvinogadzirwa nedzimwe nzira.
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Zvinenge zvakawanda zvesimbi uye nonferrous simbi uyealloysinogona kukandwa neinvestment casting process. Asi, panzvimbo yedu yakarasika yekukanda wax, tinonyanya kukandacarbon steel, alloy simbi, Stainless simbi,super duplex simbi isina tsvina, grey cast iron, ductile cast iron,aluminium alloys nendarira. Pamusoro pezvo, mamwe maapplication anoda kushandiswa kweakasarudzika mamwe alloys anoshandiswa kunyanya munzvimbo dzakaoma. Aya ma alloys, akadai seTitanium neVanadium, anozadzisa zvimwe zvinodiwa izvo zvingasaitwe neyakajairwa Aluminium alloys. Semuyenzaniso, Titanium alloys anowanzo shandiswa kugadzira turbine blades nemavanes einjini dzemuchadenga. Cobalt-base uye Nickel-base alloys (ine akasiyana-siyana echipiri maelement akawedzerwa kuti awane chaiyo-simba-simba, ngura-simba uye tembiricha inodzivirira zvivakwa), mamwe marudzi emasimbi akakandwa.
12- Sei Investment Casting Inonziwo Precision Casting?
Iko kukanda kwekudyara kunodaidzwawo kuti precision casting nekuti ine zvirinani pamusoro uye nepamusoro-soro kupfuura chero imwe nzira yekukanda. Kunyanya ye silica sol casting process, iyo yakapedzwa castings inogona kusvika ku CT3 ~ CT5 mu geometrical casting tolerance uye CT4 ~ CT6 mu dimensional casting tolerance. Kune macasings anogadzirwa neinvestment casting process, pachave nekushomeka kana kutomboshaya chikonzero chekugadzira machining maitiro. Kusvika kumwero wakati, kukanda kwekudyara kunogona kutsiva iyo yakaoma machining maitiro.
13- Sei Yakarasika Wakisi Kukandwa Kunonzi Investment Kukandira?
Kukandwa kwekudyara kunowana zita rayo nekuti mapatani (wax replicas) anoiswa mari neyakatenderedzwa refractory zvinhu panguva.casting process. Shoko rokuti “invested” apa rinoreva kukombwa. Wax replicas inofanira kuiswa (yakakomberedzwa) nemidziyo inorambira kuti ishingirire tembiricha yepamusoro yekuyerera kwesimbi yakanyunguduka panguva yekukanda.