Masimbi anodzivirira kupisa zvikamu zvakakandwa kubva kusimbi isingadziviriri alloy simbi semidziyo. Pasi pemamiriro ekushisa kwepamusoro, simbi ine oxidation resistance, simba rakakwana rekushisa kwepamusoro uye kunaka kwekudzivirira kupisa kunonzi heat resistant steel. Simbi inodzivirira kupisa inogona kukamurwa kuita mhando mbiri: simbi inodzivirira oxidation uye kupisa-simba simbi zvinoenderana nehunhu hwayo. Anti-oxidation simbi inonziwo simbi isina ganda. Simbi inodziya-inopisa inoreva simbi ine oxidation yakanaka inodzivirira pakupisa uye kusimba kwepamusoro-tembiricha. Panyaya yemakemikari akafanana, iyo as-cast state ine yakakwirira yekupisa simba kupfuura yakakungurutswa. Zvikamu zvesimbi zvinodzivirira kupisa zvinotora chikamu chikuru mumunda wesimbi inodzivirira kupisa.
Mamwe masimbi akakwira-alloy anodzivirira kupisa anonetsa kugadzirisa uye kukanganisa. Kugadzirwa kwe castings hakusi kungodhura-inoshanda pane yakakungurutswa zvigadzirwa, asiwo castings vane yakakwirira kutsungirira simba. Nokudaro, simbi inodzivirira kupisa inobata chikamu chikuru chesimbi inodzivirira kupisa. Pamusoro pekukanda jecha, hunyanzvi hwekukanda hunogona kushandiswawo kuwana zvigadzirwa zvine nzvimbo dzakatsetseka uye hukuru chaihwo. Centrifugal casting inowanzo shandiswa kune yakakwira tembiricha yevira machubhu ekupaza kwe synthetic ammonia uye ethylene.
Zvinoenderana nechimiro chemetallographic mune yakajairika mamiriro, simbi inodzivirira kupisa inogona kupatsanurwa muzvikamu zvina: pearlite isingadziviriri simbi, martensitic isingadzivirire simbi, ferritic isingadzivirire simbi, uye austenitic inodzivirira kupisa simbi.
1. Pearlitic Heat-resistant Cast Steel
Izvo zvinosanganiswa zvinhu zve pearlite inodzivirira kupisa simbi yakakandwa inonyanya chromium uye molybdenum, uye iyo yakazara mari kazhinji haipfuure 5%. Mukuwedzera kune pearlite uye ferrite, chimiro chayo chinewo bainite. Iri rudzi rwesimbi ine yakanaka yepamusoro-yekushisa simba uye maitiro ekuita pa500-600 ℃. Iwo anoshandiswa zvakanyanya kugadzira zvidimbu zvinodzivirira kupisa zviri pasi pe600 ℃, semapombi esimbi ebhailer, turbine impellers, rotor, fasteners, high-pressure ngarava, mapaipi, etc. Magiredhi chaiwo ndeaya: 16Mo, 15CrMo, 12Cr1MoV, 12Cr2MoWVTiB, 10 , 25Cr2Mo1V, 20Cr3MoWV nezvimwe.
Iyo yekupisa kurapwa kwepearlite inodzivirira kupisa simbi castings inonyanya kujaira kana kudzimwa uye kudzimwa kuitira kuti iwane yakagadzikana chimiro, yakanaka yakazara ma mechanical zvivakwa uye inodiwa simba pasi pemamiriro ekushisa kwepamusoro.
2. Martensitic Heat-resistant Cast Steel
Iyo chromium yemukati yemartensitic inodzivirira kupisa simbi yakakandwa kazhinji 7-13%. Iyo ine yakakwirira-yepamusoro-tembiricha simba, oxidation kuramba uye mvura mhute corrosion resistance pazasi 650 ℃, asi weldability yayo haina kunaka. 1Cr13, 2Cr13 ine inenge 12% chromium, uye simbi mamakisi akagadzirwa pahwaro uhwu akadai 1Cr11MoV, 1Cr12WMoV, 2Cr12WMoNbVB uye mamwe alloys anowanzo shandiswa kugadzira steam turbine mablades, discs, shafts, fasteners, 0Cr, 4Cr, 4Cr, 4Cr In9, etc. etc. inoshandiswa mukugadzira mavharuvhu emagetsi einjini dzinopisa mukati zvakare martensitic inodzivirira kupisa.
Iyo yakajairika kupisa kupisa maitiro emartensitic kupisa-resistant simbi castings ndeye normalizing + tempering.
3. Ferritic Heat-resistant Cast Steel
Ferritic inodzivirira kupisa inodzivirira simbi ine yakawanda chromium, aluminium, silicon uye zvimwe zvinhu, zvichigadzira imwe-chikamu ferrite chimiro, ine yakanaka oxidation inodzivirira uye yakanyanya tembiricha gasi corrosion kuramba, asi kusimba kwavo kwekushisa kwakanyanya kwakadzikira, pakamuri tembiricha Iyo brittleness. yakakura uye weldability ishoma. Zvakadai se 1Cr13SiAl, 1Cr25Si2, etc. Ferritic heat-resistant cast steel inowanzoshandiswa kugadzira zvikamu zvinotakura mutoro wakaderera uye zvinoda kukwirira-kupisa oxidation resistance.
Iyo yekupisa kurapwa kweferritic inodzivirira kupisa simbi castings kazhinji inotora annealing kuitira kuti ibvise kushushikana, uyezve nekukasira kutonhora (kuitira kukurumidza kupfuura nepakati pebrittle zone ye400-500 ℃).
4. Austenitic Heat-resistant Cast Steel
Austenitic heat-resistant cast steel ine mamwe austenite-forming elements senickel, manganese, nitrogen, etc., patembiricha iri pamusoro pe600°C, ine simba rakanaka rekupisa uye kugadzikana kwechimiro, uye kuita kwakanaka kwewelding. Inowanzoshandiswa sechinhu chinopisa-simba chinoshanda pamusoro pe600 ° C. Magiredhi akajairika anoti 1Cr18Ni9Ti (321), 1Cr23Ni13 (309), 0Cr25Ni20 (310S), 1Cr25Ni20Si2 (314), 2Cr20Mn9Ni2Si2N, 4Cr14Ni14W2Mo, zvichingodaro.
Austenitic anti-oxidation simbi inogona kurapwa neyepamusoro tembiricha mhinduro yekupisa kurapwa kuti uwane yakanaka inotonhora deformation. Austenitic hot-simba simbi inotanga kurapwa nepamusoro-tembiricha mhinduro kurapwa, uye ipapo kurapwa kuchembera kunoitwa pa60-100 ℃ yakakwirira kupfuura tembiricha yekushandisa kudzikamisa chimiro uye precipitate chikamu chechipiri kusimbisa matrix.
Mashandisirwo eSimbi inodzivirira kupisa
Simbi inodzivirira kupisa inowanzo shandiswa kugadzira zvikamu uye zvikamu zvinoshanda pakupisa kwakanyanya muzvikamu zveindasitiri zvakaita semaboilers, ma turbines emagetsi, muchina wemagetsi, vira remaindasitiri, uye maindasitiri endege uye petrochemical. Pamusoro pesimba repamusoro-tembiricha uye yakakwirira-tembiricha oxidation uye corrosion resistance, zvikamu izvi zvinodawo kusimba kwakakwana, kushanda zvakanaka uye weldability, uye imwe nhanho yekugadzikana kwemaitiro maererano nekushandiswa kwakasiyana.
Mamwe Magiredhi eHeat Resistant Alloy Steel uye Mashandisiro Avo | |
| Steel Giredhi | Kushanda Tembiricha uye Maapplication |
| 00Cr12 | Anti-oxidation tembiricha 600 ~ 700 ℃, inoshandiswa seyakanyanya tembiricha, yakakwira vharafu muviri, kupisa. |
| 0Cr13Al | Inoshanda tembiricha renji 700 ~ 800 ℃, gasi turbine compressor blade |
| 1Kr17 | Anti-oxidation pane tembiricha iri pasi pe900 ℃, inoshandiswa seyakakwira tembiricha zvikamu uye nozzles dzevira. |
| 1Kr12 | Oxidation kuramba uye yakakwirira tembiricha simba mutembiricha ye600 ~ 700 ℃ uye inoshandiswa kune yakakwira tembiricha zvikamu zveutsi turbine blades, nozzles, uye boiler burner mavharuvhu. |
| 1Kr13 | Iyo oxidation kuramba tembiricha ndeye 700 ~ 800 ℃, uye kushandiswa kwayo kwakafanana neiyo 1Cr12 simbi. |
| 0Cr18Ni9,1Cr18Ni9Ti | Anti-oxidation tembiricha iri pazasi 870 ℃, inogona kushandiswa sebhailer yekudziya pamusoro pepombi, kupisa mativi echoto, kupisa exchanger, muffle choto, converter, nozzle. |
| 0Cr18Ni10Ti, 0Cr18Ni11Nb | Iyo inoshingirira kune yakakwira tembiricha corrosion uye oxidation mune tembiricha ye400 ~ 900 ℃, uye inogona kushandiswa kune pombi fittings ine tembiricha yekushanda iri pasi pe850 ℃. |
| 0Cr23Ni13 | Anti-oxidation tembiricha inosvika 980 ℃, inoshandiswa kupisa moto chubhu, steam turbine blade, kupisa muchoto muviri, methane inoshandura mudziyo, yakanyanya tembiricha yekuparadzanisa mudziyo. |
| 0Cr25Ni20 | Anti-oxidation tembiricha inosvika 1035 ℃, inoshandiswa kupisa zvikamu zvechoto; gasi transmission system zvikamu zvine tembiricha yekushanda iri pasi pe950 ℃ |
| 0Cr17Ni12Mo2, 0Cr19Ni13Mo2 | Iyo anti-oxidation tembiricha haina kudzika pane 870 ℃, tembiricha yekushanda i600 ~ 750 ℃, machubhu ekupisa anopisa uye zvigadziriso zvechoto zveindasitiri yemakemikari uye kunatsa mafuta. |
| 0Cr17Ni7Al | Yepamusoro tembiricha inotakura zvikamu zvine tembiricha yekushanda iri pasi pe550 ℃ |
Nguva yekutumira: Sep-10-2021