Metal surface treatment inzira yekugadzira dhizaini pamusoro pechigadziko chesimbi chakasiyana kubva kune mechanical, physical and chemical properties of the base. Chinangwa chekurapa kwepamusoro ndechekusangana nekushomeka kwechigadzirwa, kuramba kupfeka, kushongedza kana zvimwe zvakakosha zvinoshanda. Zvekukanda simbi, nzira dzedu dzinowanzo shandiswa dzepamusoro pekurapa ndeidzi: mechanical polishing, chemical treatment, surface heat treatment, uye sprayed surface. Iyo yepamusoro pretreatment yesimbi castings ndeyekuchenesa, kutsvaira, deburr, degrease, uye deoxidize pamusoro peiyo workpiece.
Pane tsananguro mbiri dzekurapa kwepamusoro. Imwe ndeye generalized pamusoro kurapwa, iyo inosanganisira akawanda emuviri uye makemikari nzira dzinosanganisira pretreatment, electroplating, pendi, kemikari oxidation, kupisa kwemafuta, nezvimwewo; imwe yacho inonyatsotsanangurwa pamusoro pekurapa. Kureva, kugadzirisa chete kusanganisira sandblasting, polishing, nezvimwewo, izvo zvatinowanzodaidza kuti pre-kurapa.
| Surface Treatment | Applications |
| Zinc Plating | Alloy simbi castings, kabhoni simbi castings, zvikamu zvakagadzirwa nehupfu metallurgy |
| Electroless Zinc Coating | Electroless Zinc rakapfuma coating pane simbi zvikamu |
| Electroless Nickel Plating | Electroless nickel plating pasimbi, simbi isina tsvina, aluminium, uye zvikamu zvemhangura |
| Tin-Zinc Plating | Tin-zinc plating pane zvikamu zvesimbi |
| Chromium Plating | Alloy simbi castings, mhangura yakavakirwa alloy castings |
| Nickel Plating | Electroless nickel plating pasimbi, simbi isina tsvina, uye zvikamu zvealuminium |
| Chrome-Nickel Plating | Zvikamu zvendarira, zvikamu zvendarira |
| Zinc Nickel Plating | Steel castings, brass castings, bronze casting parts |
| Copper-Nickel-Chromium Plating | Mhangura-Nickel-Chromium Plating pasimbi, Stainless simbi, aruminiyamu zvikamu |
| Copper Plating | Kuputira pazvikamu zvesimbi |
| Anodizing | Anodizing uye yakaoma anodizing pane aluminium mbiri, machining uye die cast aluminium zvikamu |
| Painting | Kupenda uye firimu rakaoma pasimbi, aluminium, simbi isina tsvina, uye zvikamu zvesimbi |
| Acid Kuchenesa | Acid yekuchenesa yekukandira simbi isina tsvina, zvikamu zvinopisa kupisa, super alloy, aluminium alloy, uye titanium alloy zvikamu. |
| Passivation | Passivation yemhando dzose dzesimbi isina tsvina |
| Phosphating | Zinc uye manganese phosphating yezvakajairwa castings uye machining zvikamu |
| Electrophoresis | Electrophoresis pazvikamu zvesimbi |
| Electrolytic polishing | Electrolytic polishing pane Stainless simbi zvikamu |
| Wire Drawing | Stainless simbi zvikamu nekukanda, welding uye forging |
1. Surface Pretreatment
Mukugadzirisa, kutakura, kuchengetedza, nezvimwewo, pamusoro pesimbi workpieces kazhinji ine oxide scale, rust molding jecha, welding slag, guruva, mafuta uye imwe tsvina. Kuti chifukidzo chisimbiswe zvakasimba pamusoro pebasa rekushanda, pamusoro pebasa rekushanda rinofanira kucheneswa musati wapenda. Zvikasadaro, hazvizongokanganisa simba rekubatanidza uye kushora kwekushomeka kwejasi kune simbi, asiwo kuita hwaro hwesimbi kunyange kana hwakaputirwa. Inogona kuenderera mberi nekuora pasi pekuchengetedzwa kwechidzitiro, zvichiita kuti chifukidzo chibviswe, chinokanganisa ma mechanical properties uye hupenyu hwebasa re workpiece. Zvinogona kuoneka kuti chinangwa chepamusoro pretreatment yesimbi workpieces ndeyekupa yakanaka substrate yakakodzera kupfekedza zvinodiwa, kuwana inodzivirira layer yemhando yakanaka, uye kurebesa hupenyu hwebasa rechigadzirwa.
2. Mechanical Treatment
Kunyanya sanganisira waya bhurashi roller polishing, pfuti blasting uye jecha peening.
Iko kuputika kwebhurashi ndeyokuti bhurashi roller inotyairwa nemotokari, uye bhurashi rinotenderera rinotenderera nepamusoro-soro panzvimbo yepamusoro nepamusoro pemutsetse munzira yakatarisana nekufamba kwechidimbu chinoputika kubvisa oxide scale. Iyo brushed iron oxide scale inoshambidzwa nevhavha inotenderera inotonhorera yekugeza mvura.
Shot blasting inzira yekushandisa simba recentrifugal kumhanyisa projectile uye kuigadzira kune workpiece yekubvisa ngura uye kuchenesa. Nekudaro, kuputika kwepfuti hakuna kuchinjika uye kunoganhurwa nesaiti. Ihwo hupofu huduku paunenge uchichenesa workpiece, uye zviri nyore kubudisa makona akafa mukati memukati we workpiece isingagoni kucheneswa. Chimiro chemidziyo yakaoma, kune akawanda akapfeka zvikamu, kunyanya mablades uye zvimwe zvikamu zvinopfeka nekukurumidza, kugadzirisa kwemaawa-maawa akawanda, mutengo wakakwira, uye mari yenguva imwe yakakura. Uchishandisa kuputika kwepfuti pakurapwa kwepamusoro, simba rekuita rakakura, uye kuchenesa kuri pachena.
Nekudaro, kurapwa kweakatetepa plate workpieces nepfuti peening anogona nyore kukanganisa workpiece, uye pfuti simbi inorova pamusoro peworkpiece (zvisinei nepfuti kuputika kana kupfura kudongorera) kukanganisa simbi substrate. Nekuti iyo ferroferric oxide uye ferroferric oxide haina plasticity, inotyoka. Mushure mokubvisa, firimu remafuta rinokanganisa pamwe chete nezvinhu, saka kuputika kwepfuti uye kuputika kwepfuti hakugoni kubvisa zvachose mavara emafuta pane basa rekushanda nemafuta emafuta. Pakati peiyo iripo nzira yekurapa pamusoro pemaworkpieces, yakanakisa yekuchenesa mhedzisiro ndeye sandblasting. Sandblasting yakakodzera kuchenesa iyo workpiece pamusoro nepamusoro zvinodiwa.
3. Plasma Kurapa
Plasma muunganidzwa wezvimedu zvinochaja zvakanaka uye zvisina kunaka zvimedu (kusanganisira maion akanaka, maioni asina kunaka, maerekitironi, maredhiyo emahara uye mapoka akasiyana anoshanda, nezvimwewo). Mhosva dzakanaka uye dzisina kunaka dzakaenzana. Naizvozvo, inonzi plasma, inova nyika yechina umo zvinhu zviripo mukuwedzera kune yakasimba, mvura, uye gaseous states-plasma state. Iyo plasma yepamusoro processor inoumbwa ne plasma jenareta, pombi yekuunza gasi uye plasma nozzle. Iyo jenareta yeplasma inogadzira simba repamusoro-soro uye rinowedzera-frequency simba mupombi yesimbi yenozzle kuti ishandiswe uye idzorerwe kuti ibudise yakaderera-tembiricha plasma mukupenya kwekuyerera, nerubatsiro rwemhepo yakamanikidzwa Iyo plasma inopfapfaidzwa kumusoro kweiyo workpiece.
Kana iyo plasma nepamusoro pechinhu chakagadziriswa zvakasangana, chinhu chinoshanduka uye maitiro emakemikari anoitika. Nzvimbo yacho yakacheneswa, uye zvinosvibisa zvehydrocarbon zvakaita segirizi uye zvekuwedzera zvakabviswa, kana kuti zvakamisikidzwa uye zvakaomeswa, kana kuita dense-yakabatana muchinjiko, kana kuunza okisijeni-ine mapoka epolar (hydroxyl, carboxyl), aya mhedzisiro yekusimudzira kunamatira kwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvekupfeka, uye yakagadziridzwa mukunamatira uye pendi maapplication. Pasi pemugumisiro wakafanana, kushandiswa kweplasma yekurapa kwepamusoro kunogona kuwana yakanyanya kutetepa yakakwirira-tensile coating pamusoro, iyo inobatsira kusungira, kuvhara uye kudhinda. Iko hakuna kudikanwa kwemimwe michina, kurapwa kwemakemikari uye zvimwe zvinhu zvakasimba kuwedzera kunamatira.
4. Electrochemical Method
Electrochemical surface treatment inoshandisa iyo electrode reaction kuti igadzire coating pamusoro peiyo workpiece, iyo inonyanya kusanganisira electroplating uye anodic oxidation.
Apo workpiece ndiyo cathode mu electrolyte mhinduro. Nzira yekugadzira jira pamusoro pechiito chekunze kwekunze kunonzi electroplating. Iyo plating layer inogona kunge iri simbi, alloy, semiconductor kana iine akasiyana masisitimu akasimba, akadai semhangura plating, nickel plating, nezvimwe.
Ndichiri mumhinduro ye electrolyte, iyo workpiece ndiyo anode. Iyo nzira yekugadzira oxide firimu pamusoro pekuita kwekunze ikozvino inonzi anodization, senge anodization yealuminium alloy. Iyo oxidation kurapwa kwesimbi inogona kuitwa nemakemikari kana electrochemical nzira. Iyo kemikari nzira ndeyekuisa iyo workpiece mune oxidizing mhinduro, uye kuvimba nekemikari chiito kuumba oxide firimu pamusoro peiyo workpiece, senge bluing yesimbi.
5. Kemikari Nzira
Kurapa kwepamusoro kwemakemikari nzira haina kushanda ikozvino, uye inoshandisa kupindirana kwemakemikari zvinhu kugadzira plating layer pamusoro peiyo workpiece. Nzira huru ndeyemakemikari ekushandura coating kurapwa uye electroless plating.
Mumhinduro ye electrolyte, simbi yekushanda haina yekunze ikozvino chiito, uye chemikemikari mumhinduro inopindirana neyo workpiece kuti iite chifukidzo pamusoro payo, iyo inonzi makemikari ekushandura firimu kurapwa. Zvakadai sebluing, phosphating, passivation, uye chromium munyu kurapwa pane simbi pamusoro. Mumhinduro ye electrolyte, pamusoro peiyo workpiece inobatwa zvine catalytic pasina mhedzisiro yekunze ikozvino. Mumhinduro, nekuda kwekudzikira kwemakemikari zvinhu, maitiro ekuisa zvimwe zvinhu pamusoro peiyo workpiece kuti agadzire coating inonzi electroless plating, senge electroless nickel, Electroless copper plating, nezvimwe.
6. Hot Processing Method
Iyo inopisa yekugadzirisa nzira ndeyekunyunguduka kana kupisa kuparadzira zvinhu pasi pemamiriro ekushisa kwepamusoro kuti iite jasi pamusoro pebasa rekushanda. Nzira huru ndeidzi:
1) Kupisa Dip Plating
Maitirwo ekuisa simbi yesimbi musimbi yakanyungudutswa kuti igadzire coating pamusoro payo inonzi hot-dip plating, senge hot-dip galvanizing uye hot-dip aluminium.
2) Thermal Spraying
Iyo nzira yekuisa atomizing simbi yakanyungudutswa nekuipfapfaidza pamusoro peiyo workpiece kuti iite coating inodaidzwa kuti thermal spraying, senge thermal spraying zinc uye thermal spraying aluminum.
3) Hot Stamping
Maitiro ekudziya nekutsikirira simbi foil pamusoro peiyo workpiece kuti iite coating layer inonzi inopisa stamping, senge inopisa stamping aluminium foil.
4) Kemikari Kupisa Kurapa
Iyo nzira iyo iyo workpiece inosangana nemakemikari zvinhu uye inopisa, uye chimwe chinhu chinopinda pamusoro peiyo workpiece pane yakakwirira tembiricha inonzi kemikari kupisa kurapwa, senge nitriding uye carburizing.
7. Electrophoresis
Se electrode, workpiece inoiswa mumvura inoyerera-inonyunguduka kana mvura-emulsified pendi, uye inoumba dunhu neimwe electrode mupende. Pasi pechiito chemunda wemagetsi, chigadziro chekuputira chakaparadzaniswa kuva ions inopomerwa resin, cations inotamira kune cathode, uye anions inotamira kune anode. Aya anochaja resin ions, pamwe chete neiyo adsorbed pigment particles, anoiswa electrophoredhi pamusoro peiyo workpiece kuti agadzire coating. Iyi nzira inonzi electrophoresis.
8. Electrostatic Spraying
Pasi pekuita kweDC high-voltage electric field, maatomu akachajiswa zvisina kunaka pendi zvimedu zvinonangidzirwa kuti zvibhururuke pane zvakanaka-chaja workpiece kuti vawane firimu repende, iro rinonzi static spraying.
Nguva yekutumira: Sep-12-2021