Normalizing, inozivikanwawo seyakajairwa, ndeyekupisa iyo workpiece kuAc3 (Ac inoreva tembiricha yekupedzisira iyo yese yemahara ferrite inoshandurwa kuita austenite panguva yekupisa, kazhinji kubva 727 ° C kusvika 912 ° C) kana Acm (Acm iri Muchokwadi. kudziyisa, iyo yakakosha tembiricha mutsetse wekuzara kwe austenitization ye hypereutectoid simbi ndeye 30 ~ 50 ℃ pamusoro pe30 ~ 50 ℃ nguva, simbi kupisa muitiro inotorwa muchoto uye kutonhodzwa nemvura kupfapfaidza, kupfapfaidza kana mhepo kuvhuvhuta Chinangwa chayo nderekuita zviyo kunatsa uye carbide kuparadzirwa yunifomu ndiko kuti normalizing kutonhora kukurumidza zvishoma kupfuura mwero wekutonhora wekudziya, saka chimiro chenormalizing chakanatsa kupfuura chimiro chekumisikidza, uye maitiro ayo emagetsi anovandudzwa zvakare, kutonhora kwekunze kweiyo normalizing choto hachitore midziyo, uye kugadzirwa kwakakwira, saka, normalizing inoshandiswa zvakanyanya sezvinobvira kutsiva annealing mukugadzira. Kune akakosha forging ane maumbirwo akaomarara, tembiricha yekupisa (550-650 ° C) inodiwa mushure mekujaira. Chinangwa chekupisa tembiricha yekupisa ndechekubvisa kushushikana kunogadzirwa panguva yekudziya kutonhora uye kugadzirisa kuoma uye purasitiki. Mushure mekugadzirisa kurapwa kweimwe yakaderera-alloy inopisa-yakakungurutswa simbi mahwendefa, yakaderera-alloy simbi forgings uye castings, iyo yakazara mechanical zvimiro zvezvishandiso zvinogona kuvandudzwa zvakanyanya, uye kuita kwekucheka kunovandudzwa zvakare.
① Normalization inoshandiswa kune yakaderera kabhoni simbi, iyo kuomarara mushure meiyo normalizing yakakwira zvishoma pane iyo yeannealing, uye kuoma kwacho kwakanaka zvakare. Inogona kushandiswa se pretreatment yekucheka.
② Normalization inoshandiswa yepakati kabhoni simbi, inogona kutsiva iyo yekudzima uye kupisa kurapwa (kudzima + yakakwira tembiricha kudziyisa) seyekupedzisira kupisa kupisa, kana seyekutanga kurapwa kusati kwakadzimwa kwepasi nekudziisa induction.
③ Normalization inoshandiswa mumudziyo wesimbi, inotakura simbi, carburized simbi, nezvimwewo, inogona kuderedza kana kumisa kuumbwa kwenetwork carbides, kuitira kuti uwane chimiro chakanaka chinodiwa kune spheroidizing annealing.
④ Normalization inoshandiswa simbi castings, inogona kunatsiridza as-cast chimiro uye kunatsiridza kucheka mashandiro.
⑤ Normalization inoshandiswa kune yakakura forgings, inogona kushandiswa seyekupedzisira kupisa kupisa, kuitira kuti udzivise hukuru hwekutsemuka maitiro panguva yekudzima.
⑥ Normalization inoshandiswa kuita ductile iron kunatsiridza kuoma, kusimba, uye kupfeka kuramba, sekugadzirwa kwezvikamu zvakakosha senge crankshafts uye tsvimbo dzekubatanidza dzemotokari, matirakita, uye injini dzedhiziri.
⑦ Iyo normalizing process inoitwa pamberi pe spheroidizing annealing ye hypereutectoid simbi, iyo inogona kubvisa network yechipiri simenti kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti cementite yese spheroidized panguva ye spheroidizing annealing.
Chimiro mushure me normalizing: Hypoeutectoid simbi ndeye ferrite + pearlite, eutectoid simbi iri pearlite, hypereutectoid simbi iri pearlite + yechipiri cementite, uye inoguma.
Normalizing inonyanya kushandiswa kune simbi workpieces. Normalizing simbi yakafanana neannealing, asi mwero wekutonhodza wakakwira uye chimiro chakanatswa. Mamwe masimbi ane mwero wakaderera wakanyanya kutonhora wekutonhora anogona kushandura austenite kuita martensite kana yatonhodzwa mumhepo. Mushonga uyu hausi normalizing, asi unonzi air quenching. Kusiyana neizvi, mamwe mahombe-chikamu workpieces akagadzirwa nesimbi ane yakakura yakakosha kutonhora mwero haakwanise kuwana martensite kunyangwe akadzimwa mumvura, uye quenching mhedzisiro iri pedyo ne normalizing. Kuomarara kwesimbi mushure mekudzikamisa kwakakwira kupfuura kweiyo annealing. Paunenge uchijairika, hazvifanirwe kutonhorera workpiece nechoto senge annealing. Icho choto chinotora nguva pfupi uye kubudirira kwekugadzira kwakakwirira. Naizvozvo, normalizing inowanzo shandiswa zvakanyanya sezvinobvira kutsiva annealing mukugadzira. Kune yakaderera-kabhoni simbi ine kabhoni yemukati isingasviki 0.25%, kuomarara kunowanikwa mushure mekugara kwakadzikama, izvo zviri nyore kucheka pane annealing, uye normalizing inowanzoshandiswa kugadzirira kucheka uye kushanda. Kune yepakati kabhoni simbi ine kabhoni yemukati ye0.25 kusvika 0.5%, inogona zvakare kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekucheka mushure me normalizing. Kune zvikamu zvakaremerwa-zvakaremerwa zvakagadzirwa nemhando iyi yesimbi, normalizing inogonawo kushandiswa seyekupedzisira kupisa kurapwa. Normalizing ye-high-carbon tool simbi uye inotakura simbi ndeyekubvisa network carbides musangano uye kugadzirira sangano spheroidizing annealing.
Kwekupedzisira kupisa kwekupisa kweakajairwa maumbirwo ezvikamu, sezvo iyo yakajairwa workpiece iine zvirinani zvakakwana zvemichina zvimisikidzo pane iyo annealed state, normalizing inogona kushandiswa seyekupedzisira kupisa kupisa kune mamwe akajairwa zvimiro zvikamu zvisina kusimbiswa uye zvine yakaderera kuita zvinodiwa kuderedza nhamba yemaitiro, Chengetedza simba uye uvandudze hunyanzvi hwekugadzira. Pamusoro pezvo, kune zvimwe zvikamu zvakakura kana zvakaoma, kana kudzima kuri munjodzi yekutsemuka, normalizing inogona kazhinji kutsiva kudzima uye kupisa seyekupedzisira kupisa kupisa.
Kudzora simbi inokandwa ine yakanaka mechanical pfuma, pane akati wandei ziviso pamusoro normalizing kupisa kupisa.
1. Ita Nzvimbo Dzakakodzera dzeSimbi Castings muMavira
Munguva ye normalizing kurapwa, simbi castings inofanira kugadziriswa mune imwe nzvimbo. Havagoni kuwanikwa zvisina tsarukano. A yakanaka chinzvimbo panguva normalizing anogona kuita nzvimbo simbi mari castings kupisa yakabatwa homogeneously.
2. Funga Nezve Hukuru Yakasiyana uye Rusvingo Ukobvu pamberi Kupisa
Kune masimbi esimbi ane chimiro chakareba kana dhayamita yakatetepa, zviri nani kuaisa zvakanaka kudzivirira kukanganisa kukanganisa. Kana masimbi esimbi ane chikamu chidiki chepamusoro uye chikamu chikuru chepamusoro chiri kupisa muchoto chimwe chete, makanda ane chikamu chidiki anofanira kuiswa pamberi pechoto. Kune dzakaoma simbi castings, kunyanya kune avo vane mhango maumbirwo, zviri nani kutanga kupisa ma castings uye wozowedzera tembiricha zvishoma nezvishoma. Izvi zvichabatsira kudzivirira kukanganisa kukanganisa kwakasiiwa musimbi castings inokonzerwa nekukurumidza kupisa maitiro.
3. The Kutonhodza Mushure Normalization
Mushure me normalizing, simbi inokanda inofanira kuiswa zvakasiyana pane yakaoma pasi. Zvikasa zvinopisa hazvigone kuputirana, kana kuiswa muvhu nyoro. Izvi zvinokanganisa kutonhora pazvikamu zvakasiyana zvekukandira. Mitengo yekutonhodza pazvikamu zvakasiyana ichakanganisa kuoma kwenzvimbo idzodzo.
Kazhinji, tembiricha yemvura haigone kukwira kupfuura 40 ℃. Tembiricha yemafuta iri pasi pe80 ℃.
4. Normalizing nokuda Castings Different Simbi Magiredhi
Kana tembiricha inodiwa yesimbi castings nezvinhu zvakasiyana zvakafanana, zvinogona kupisa kurapwa muovheni imwe. Kana kuti, dzinofanirwa kupiswa zvinoenderana nematembiricha anodiwa emagiredhi akasiyana.
Nguva yekutumira: Jun-27-2021