Kuumbwa kwechigarire kunoreva nzira yekukanda iyo inoshandisa simbi yakakosha (kufa) kugashira simbi yakanyungudutswa yakaumbwa. Yakakodzera kugadziracastingsmuhuwandu. Izvi zvinonzi metal die casting kana kuti gravity die casting, sezvo simbi inopinda muforoma pasi pesimba rinokwevera zvinhu pasi.
Kuenzaniswa nekukandwa kwejecha, kukanda ganda kana kuisa mari, umo mold inoda kugadzirirwa kune imwe neimwe yekukanda, iyo yekusingaperi mold casting inogona kuburitsa ma castings ane akafanana ekuumba masisitimu ega ega ekukanda.
Iyo mold zvinhu zvekukandira zvachose zvinosarudzwa nekufunga kwekudurura tembiricha, saizi yekukanda uye frequency yekukanda kutenderera. Vanosarudza kupisa kwakakwana kunofanira kutakurwa nefa. Fine-grained grey cast iron ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa kufa zvinhu. Alloy cast iron, carbon steel uye alloy steels (H11 neH14) inoshandiswawo kune mavhoriyamu akakura uye zvikamu zvakakura. Graphite molds inogona kushandiswa padiki vhoriyamu kugadzirwa kubva kualuminium uye magnesium. Hupenyu hwekufa hushoma kune yakakwirira kunyunguduka tembiricha alloys semhangura kana grey cast iron.
Pakugadzira chero zvidimbu zvisina makomba, macores anoshandiswawo mukuumbwa kwechigarire mold. Macores anogona kugadzirwa nesimbi kana jecha. Kana jecha cores richishandiswa, maitiro aya anonzi semi-permanent moulding. Zvakare, iyo simbi yakakosha inofanira kubviswa pakarepo mushure mekusimba; zvikasadaro, kubviswa kwayo kunova kwakaoma nekuda kwekuderera. Kune maumbirwo akaomarara, collapsible metal cores (multiple piece piece cores) dzimwe nguva inoshandiswa muforoma dzechigarire. Kushandisa kwavo hakuna kuwanda nekuda kwekuti zvinonetsa kugadzika musimboti sechidimbu chimwe chete nekuda kwekusiyana kwedimensional kungangoitika. Nekudaro, nemacores anodonha, mugadziri anofanirwa kupa kushivirira kwakakasharara pazviyero izvi.
Pasi penguva dzose yekukanda kutenderera, tembiricha iyo mold inoshandiswa inoenderana nekudurura tembiricha, kukanda kutenderera frequency, kukanda huremu, kukanda chimiro, kukanda madziro ukobvu, kukora kwemadziro e mold uye ukobvu hwekuputira mold. Kana kukanda kuchiitwa nechando kufa, mashoma ekutanga makanda anogona kunge aine misruns kusvika kufa kwasvika tembiricha yayo yekushandisa. Kuti udzivise izvi, mold inofanira kunge isati yatanga kupisa kusvika kukushisa kwayo kwekushanda, zvichida muchoto.
Zvishandiso zvinogara zvakakandwa zvisingaperi zviumbwa zvealuminium alloys, magnesium alloys, copper alloys, zinc alloys uye grey cast iron. Iyo unit yekukanda uremu inotangira kubva kune akati wandei magiramu kusvika ku15 kg mune akawanda ezvigadzirwa. Asi, kana iri aluminium, makanda makuru ane huremu hunosvika 350 kg kana kupfuura anogona kugadzirwa. Permanent mold casting inonyanya kuenderana nepamusoro vhoriyamu kugadzirwa kwediki, nyore castings ine maunifomu emadziro ukobvu uye isina zvimiro zvakaomarara.
Zvakanakira Permanent Mold Casting process:
1. Nekuda kwesimbi dzesimbi dzinoshandiswa, nzira iyi inoburitsa yakanatswa-grained casting ine yepamusoro mechanicha zvinhu.
2. Vanogadzira zvakanaka kwazvo pamusoro pekupedzisira kwehurongwa hwe 4 microns uye kutaridzika kuri nani
3. Tight dimensional tolerances inogona kuwanikwa
4. Inobhadhara mari yekugadzirwa kwehukuru sezvo basa rinobatanidzwa mukugadzira mold rakaderedzwa
5. Maburi madiki anogona kugadzirwa achienzaniswa nekukanda jecha
6. Insets inogona kukandwa nyore nyore panzvimbo
| Kuenzanisa Kweakasiyana Kukanda Maitiro
| |||||
| Items | Sand Casting | Permanent Mold Casting | Die Casting | Investment Casting | Kemikari Bonded Shell Mold Casting |
| Typical dimensional tolerances, inches | ± .010" | ± .010" | ± .001" | ± .010" | ± .005" |
| ± .030" | ± .050" | ± .015" | ± .020" | ± .015" | |
| Mari inoenzanirana muhuwandu | Low | Low | Pazasi | Highest | Kukwirira kwepakati |
| Mari yehukama yenhamba diki | Pazasi | High | Highest | Pakati | Medium High |
| Huremu hunobvumidzwa hwekukanda | Umlimited | 100 lbs. | 75 lbs. | Maonzi kusvika ku100 lbs. | Shell ozs. Kusvika ku250 lbs. kwete-kubika 1/2 lb - matani |
| Thinnest chikamu chinokandwa, inches | 1/10" | 1/8" | 1/32" | 1/16" | 1/10" |
| Relative surface finish | Zvakanaka kune zvakanaka | Kugona | Best | Kugona chose | Shell yakanaka |
| Kureruka kwekukanda kwakaoma dhizaini | Zvakanaka kune zvakanaka | Fair | Kugona | Best | Kugona |
| Kureruka kwehukama hwekuchinja dhizaini mukugadzira | Best | Murombo | Varombo zvikuru | Fair | Fair |
| Range yealloys inogona kukandwa | unlimited | Aluminium nemhangura base zviri nani | Aluminium base prepferable | Unlimited | Unlimited |
Nguva yekutumira: Jan-29-2021